Leather for flexible multifunctional bio-based materials: a review

Abstract Nowadays, diverse leather usage conditions and increasing demands from consumers challenge the industry. Traditional manufacturing is facing long-term challenges, including low-value threshold, confined application fields, environmental issues. Leather inherits all biomimetic properties of natural skin such as flexibility, sanitation, cold resistance, biocompatibility, biodegradability, other cross-domain functions, achieving unremitting attention in multi-functional bio-based materials. Series researches have been devoted to creating developing leather-based flexible bio-materials, antibacterial leather, conductive flame-retardant self-cleaning aromatic electromagnetic shielding leather. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview commonly used functional Furthermore, possible challenges for development leathers are proposed, expected directions materials discussed. This review may promote inspire emerging preparation applications Graphical